Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ishishini le-jiphevoltaic yehlabathi (PV) libone uphuhliso lokuonwabisa, ngakumbi eTshayina, oluye lwabavelisi behlabathi abanobukrelekrele behlabathi abanombulelo kwinkqubela phambili yezobuchwephesha, kunye nenkxaso yemigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente. Nangona kunjalo, ngokunyuka komzi-mveliso we-PV waseTshayina, amanye amazwe athabatha amanyathelo athambileyo ngokuchasene ne-PV yemodyuli ye-PV ngenjongo yokukhusela amashishini abo e-PV kwifuthe lokungenisa eliphantsi. Kutshanje, imisebenzi yokulahla inkunkuma kwiimodyuli ze-PV ze-PV ziye zaphakanyiswa ngakumbi kwiimarike ezinjenge-EU kunye ne-US NE-US Ithetha ukuthini ishishini le-PV likaCV? Kwaye njani ukujongana nalo mngeni?
Imvelaphi ye-Anti-Humple yokuKhulisa
Ukulahla umsebenzi kubhekiswa kwirhafu eyongezelelweyo ebekiweyo lilizwe elizweni ukusuka kwilizwe elithile kwimakethi yalo, ngokufuthi ukuphendula imeko yexabiso elizweni kwimakethi kwilizwe layo, ukuze akhusele umdla wamashishini awo. I-China, njengomvelisi omkhulu wemifanekiso ye-photovoltaic, ikhutshelwe ngaphandle iimodyuli ze-Potovoltaic kumaxabiso aphantsi kweyona mimandla ixesha elide, ekhokelela kwimisebenzi ye-China ye-China, kwaye ilahle i-temps Anti yeemodyuli zefoto ze-photvoltaic.
Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, i-EU kunye ne-US kunye nezinye iimarike eziphambili ziye zaphuhliswa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo emisebenzi yokulahla inkunkuma kwiimodyuli ze-PV zaseTshayina. 2023, i-EU igqibe kwelokuba inyuse imisebenzi yokulahla inkunkuma kwiimodyuli ze-PV zaseTshayina, ngakumbi ukunyusa iindleko zokungenisa elizweni, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-China yokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-PV izise uxinzelelo olukhulu. Kwangelo xesha, i-United States yomeleza imilinganiselo kwimisebenzi yokulahla inkunkuma kwiimveliso zaseTshayina ze-PV, ichaphazela ngakumbi intengiso yamashishini entengiso yamashishini e-PV.
Impembelelo yomsebenzi wokulahla inkunkuma kwi-China ye-fotovoltaic
Ukunyuka kweendleko zangaphandle
Uhlengahlengiso olugqithisileyo lomsebenzi wokulahla inkunkuma lunyuke ngokuthe ngqo iindleko ze-PV ze-PV kwintengiso yamanye amazwe, enza amashishini aseTshayina aphulukana noncedo lwayo lokukhuphisana ngexabiso. Ishishini lefotovoltaic ngokwayo lilishishini elikhulu kakhulu, i-thegins yenzuzo inqongophele, ukulahla umsebenzi ngokungathandabuzekiyo kunyusa uxinzelelo lweendleko kumashishini aseTshayina.
Isabelo sentengiso esithintelweyo
Ukunyuka kwemisebenzi yokulahla inkunkuma kunokukhokelela ekwenzeni imfuno yemfuno yeemodyuli ze-PV ze-PV kumazwe anobuthathaka amaxabiso, ngakumbi kumazwe asakhulayo kunye neemarike ezisakhulayo. Ngokwahlulwa kweemarike zokuthumela ngaphandle, amashishini amaTshayina e-PV anokujamelana nomngcipheko wokuba nesabelo sabo sentengiso ebanjiwe ngabakhuphisana nabo.
Ukulahla ingeniso edibeneyo
Amashishini anokujongana nentembeko ngenxa yokwanda kweendleko zokuthumela ngaphandle, ngakumbi kwiimakethi eziphambili ezinjenge-EU kunye ne-US. Iinkampani ze-PV kufuneka zihlengahlengise izicwangciso zazo zamaxabiso kwaye zisebenzise imixokelelwano yabo yokuhambisa ukuze ikwazi ukujamelana nengqumbo yenzuzo enokubangelwa yimithwalo eyongezelelweyo.
Ukongezwa koxinzelelo kwi-chain yonikelo kunye ne-capital chain
Ishishini lokuhambisa leshishini le-PV linzima kakhulu, ukusuka ekuthengweni kwempahla krway kwiukuvelisa, ukuhambisa kunye nokufakelwa, ikhonkco ngalinye libandakanya isixa esikhulu sokuhamba. Ukunyuka komsebenzi wokulahla inkunkuma kunokunyusa uxinzelelo lwezezimali kumashishini kwaye kuchaphazele ukuzinza kwetyholo lonikezo, ngakumbi kwezinye iimarike zexabiso eliphantsi, olunokukhokelela kwi-capitage fansoge ye-carin, okanye ubunzima bokusebenza.
Ishishini le-PV lika-PV lijamelene nengcinezelo eyandayo evela kwimisebenzi yokulahla inkunkuma yamazwe, kodwa inezinto eziluncedo kwezobuchwephesha kunye nezinto eziluncedo kwimizi mveliso, isakwazi ukuhlala kwindawo kwimarike yehlabathi. Kwimeko yokuqina okukhulu kwezorhwebo, amashishini amaTshayina e-PV kufuneka anikele ingqalelo ngakumbi kwicebo lokuqhutywa kwemarike, elahlukileyo, isakhiwo sothotyelo kunye nokuphucula ixabiso. Ngamanyathelo abalulekileyo, ishishini le-PV laseTshayina alinakukwazi ukujamelana nomngeni wokuchasana nokulahla inkunkuma yamazwe aphesheya, kodwa kwakhona ikhuthaze inkxaso yamandla ehlabathi, kwaye yenza igalelo elifanelekileyo ekufezekiseni injongo yophuhliso oluzinzileyo lwehlabathi.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UJAN-09-2025